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Background
According to retrospective osteosarcoma series, ABCB1/P‐glycoprotein (Pgp) overexpression predicts for poor outcomes. A prospective trial to assess a risk‐adapted treatment strategy using mifamurtide in Pgp+ patients was performed.
Methods
This was a phase 2, multicenter, uncontrolled trial including patients 40 years old or younger with nonmetastatic extremity high‐grade osteosarcoma...
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy requiring long‐term, continuous therapy. Despite its chronic and unrelenting course, studies examining quality of life (QOL), psychological distress, and perceptions of prognosis by line of therapy are lacking.
Methods
The authors conducted a cross‐sectional, multisite study of patients undergoing treatment for MM (excluding...
Background
Cancer cachexia is a syndrome characterized by anorexia and decreased body weight. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of anamorelin, an orally active, selective ghrelin receptor agonist, in patients with cancer cachexia and a low body mass index (BMI).
Methods
This multicenter, open‐label, single‐arm study enrolled Japanese patients with non–small cell lung cancer or gastrointestinal...
Background
A blood assay measuring methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 can detect recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC) with high sensitivity but suboptimal specificity. This study aimed to establish an upper reference limit (URL) of these biomarkers in a reference population without CRC, apply that threshold to detecting clinical recurrence in patients who had undergone definitive therapy for CRC, and compare...
Background
Adult‐children caring for a parent with cancer comprise a significant segment of caregivers. Yet less is known about adult‐child caregivers, their burden, or caregivers' and patients' gender's impact, which may differ from the well‐studied spousal caregiver. This knowledge gap may hinder efforts to ameliorate adult‐children's caregiver burden.
Methods
We analyzed caregiver surveys from...
Background
Cancer is one of the most common comorbidities in men living with HIV (MLWH). However, little is known about the MLWH subgroups with the highest cancer burden to which cancer prevention efforts should be targeted. Because Medicaid is the most important source of insurance for MLWH, we evaluated the excess cancer prevalence in MLWH on Medicaid relative to their non‐HIV counterparts.
Methods...
Background
The one‐step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay can quantify the cytokeratin 19 messenger RNA copy number as a proxy for sentinel lymph node (SN) metastasis in breast cancer. A large‐scale, multicenter cohort study was performed to determine the prognostic value of the SN tumor burden based on a molecular readout and to establish a model for the prediction of early systemic recurrence...
Background
To test whether nomograms developed by NRG Oncology for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients could be validated in an independent population‐based sample.
Methods
The authors tested nomograms for estimating progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients from the Veterans Health Administration with previously untreated locoregionally advanced OPSCC,...
Background
H3G34‐mutant diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG) is recognized as a new, distinct entity in the latest World Health Organization classification for central nervous system tumors and is associated with a particularly aggressive course. The authors performed a systematic review and pooled analysis to investigate the frequency of genetic events in these tumors and to determine whether these...
Background
Although the majority of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are cleared by the immune system, a small percentage of them progress to develop HPV‐driven cancers. Cervical cancer studies highlight that HPV persistence and cancer risk are associated with genetic factors, especially at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. This study was conducted to investigate such associations in...
Background
Little is known about how screening facilities are meeting the requirements for the reimbursement of lung cancer screening from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), including 1) the collection and submission of data to the CMS‐approved registry (American College of Radiology [ACR] Lung Cancer Screening Registry), 2) the verification of a counseling and shared decision‐making...
Background
For patients at high risk for lung cancer, screening using low‐dose computed tomography (lung cancer screening [LCS]) is recommended. The purpose of this study was to examine whether screening may serve as a teachable moment for smoking‐related outcomes.
Methods
In a smoking‐cessation trial, participants (N = 843) completed 2 phone interviews before randomization: before LCS (T0) and...
Background
Adolescent and young adult oncology (AYAO) patients and caregivers may experience significant psychosocial dysfunction and financial toxicity. Understanding early risk factors is critical to improving survivorship trajectories.
Methods
The authors conducted a cross‐sectional study of baseline survey data from a prospective cohort of AYAO patient‐caregiver dyads enrolled within 1 month...
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